Electrolyte Intercalation Aqueous electrolyte Electrodes Nickel oxide GGA+U NMR Positive electrode Ionic liquid electrolytes Fe MAS NMR Raman spectroscopy Magnetron sputtering Activated carbon Electrochemical capacitor Redox-active amine XPS Li-ion batteries Lithium batteries Supercapacitor Degradation Interface Organic batteries Porous silicon Exsolution Anodes Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Li-ion battery Sputtering SOFC Microdevice DFT calculations Lithium battery Electrochemical performance Anode Current collector Micro-supercapacitors Diazonium salts MnO2 Electrochemical capacitors FIB/SEM Energy storage Titanium nitride Plasma Organic battery CO2 electrolysis Microbatteries Crystal structure Ionic liquid Supercapacitors Cycling stability Thin films Fermi contact Electrical conductivity SOEC Lithium-ion batteries CVD Electrochemistry Cyclic voltammetry Electrolytes Lithium ion battery Failure mechanism Capacitance Diazonium Silicon EIS Electrode Microstructure DFT Ionogels Cycle performance Organic electrode materials Ionic conductivity Fuel cell Chemical vapor deposition Transition metals Lithium ion batteries Power performance Photovoltaics Operando Graphite Grafting Electrode material Batteries Manganese dioxide Micro-supercapacitor Binder Lithium-ion battery Negative electrode LiFePO4 FeWO 4 Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Diazonium chemistry Pseudocapacitance Electrochemical electrodes Impedance spectroscopy Coating Graphene Vanadium nitride Perovskite